mirror of
https://github.com/clockworkpi/DevTerm.git
synced 2025-12-13 18:58:49 +01:00
471 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
471 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
|
|
# Before start
|
|
Our system image is modified based on fedora wiki
|
|
Mainly replace the kernel and rootfs
|
|
Some linux experience is required to handle every possible situation
|
|
there are some discrepancies with the final system image
|
|
So this document is more suitable for the guidance of the R-01 system image
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Prepare
|
|
|
|
a ubuntu linux system, like ubuntu 21.04
|
|
|
|
install riscv64 gcc
|
|
```
|
|
sudo apt install gcc-11-riscv64-linux-gnu binutils-riscv64-linux-gnu
|
|
sudo apt install git
|
|
sudo apt install make
|
|
sudo apt install build-essential
|
|
sudo apt install libfontconfig1
|
|
sudo apt install ncurses-devel
|
|
sudo apt install libncurses-dev
|
|
sudo apt install build-essential
|
|
sudo apt install flex bison
|
|
sudo apt install python3-distutils
|
|
sudo apt install swig
|
|
sudo apt install python3-dev
|
|
sudo apt install openssl
|
|
sudo apt install libssl-dev
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
install qemu static for chroot
|
|
|
|
`sudo apt install qemu-user-static`
|
|
|
|
|
|
manually fix default compiler link:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-cpp-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-cpp
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-nm-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-nm
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov-dump-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov-dump
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-ranlib-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-ranlib
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov-tool-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov-tool
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-ar-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc-ar
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-gcov
|
|
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-lto-dump-11 /usr/bin/riscv64-linux-gnu-lto-dump
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Bootloader
|
|
|
|
### reference doc:
|
|
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/RISC-V/Allwinner
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
git clone https://github.com/smaeul/sun20i_d1_spl
|
|
pushd sun20i_d1_spl
|
|
git checkout origin/mainline
|
|
make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- p=sun20iw1p1 mmc
|
|
popd
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
pushd sun20i_d1_spl
|
|
sudo dd if=nboot/boot0_sdcard_sun20iw1p1.bin of=/dev/sdX bs=512 seek=16
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
git clone https://github.com/tekkamanninja/opensbi -b allwinner_d1
|
|
pushd opensbi
|
|
CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- PLATFORM=generic FW_PIC=y BUILD_INFO=y make
|
|
popd
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
git clone https://github.com/tekkamanninja/u-boot -b allwinner_d1
|
|
pushd u-boot
|
|
make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- ARCH=riscv nezha_defconfig
|
|
make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- ARCH=riscv menuconfig
|
|
make CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- ARCH=riscv u-boot.bin u-boot.dtb
|
|
popd
|
|
```
|
|
**in menuconfig, there is an import option must be selected:**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
otherwises, the boot will hang
|
|
|
|
|
|
## u-boot.toc1
|
|
|
|
**toc1.cfg**
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
[opensbi]
|
|
file = fw_dynamic.bin
|
|
addr = 0x40000000
|
|
[dtb]
|
|
file = u-boot.dtb
|
|
addr = 0x44000000
|
|
[u-boot]
|
|
file = u-boot.bin
|
|
addr = 0x4a000000
|
|
```
|
|
```
|
|
pushd u-boot
|
|
cp ${PATH_TO_TOC1_CFG}/toc1.cfg ${PATH_TO_OPENSBI}/fw_dynamic.bin .
|
|
tools/mkimage -T sunxi_toc1 -d toc1.cfg u-boot.toc1
|
|
popd
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
pushd u-boot
|
|
sudo dd if=u-boot.toc1 of=/dev/sdX bs=512 seek=32800
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Disk partition prepare
|
|
|
|
## Original fedora image fdisk partition
|
|
```
|
|
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
|
|
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
|
|
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
|
|
Disklabel type: dos
|
|
Disk identifier: 0xda568ce2
|
|
|
|
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
|
|
fedora-riscv64-d1-developer-xfce-rawhide-Rawhide-20211124-132603.n.0-sda.raw.img2 69632 319487 249856 122M c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
|
|
fedora-riscv64-d1-developer-xfce-rawhide-Rawhide-20211124-132603.n.0-sda.raw.img3 * 319488 1320959 1001472 489M 83 Linux
|
|
fedora-riscv64-d1-developer-xfce-rawhide-Rawhide-20211124-132603.n.0-sda.raw.img4 1320960 25319423 23998464 11.5G 83 Linux
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Create disk image file
|
|
|
|
### create image file with dd
|
|
```
|
|
MEGA=16777216
|
|
|
|
dd if=/dev/zero bs=$MEGA count=1024 of=disk.img
|
|
echo -e "o\nn\np\n2\n69632\n319487\nn\np\n3\n319488\n1320959\nn\np\n4\n1320960\n\n\nt\n2\nc\na\n3\n\nw" | fdisk disk.img
|
|
fdisk -l disk.img
|
|
```
|
|
```
|
|
sudo losetup --show -f -P disk.img #/dev/loop1
|
|
sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/loop1p2
|
|
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop1p3
|
|
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop1p4
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Download ubuntu riscv image for rootfs
|
|
|
|
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RISC-V
|
|
|
|
https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/21.04/release/
|
|
|
|
https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/21.04/release/ubuntu-21.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched.img.xz
|
|
|
|
## Take rootfs of ubuntu out
|
|
```
|
|
sudo losetup --show -f -P ubuntu-21.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched.img # eg: /dev/loop1,depends on your linux system
|
|
|
|
sudo mount /dev/loop1p1 /mnt/p1
|
|
sudo tar cpjfv ubuntu-21.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched_rootfs.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/p1/ .
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p1
|
|
sudo losetup -D /dev/loop1 #dettach,release /dev/loop1
|
|
```
|
|
download link:
|
|
https://mega.nz/file/IQFlWZKL#_ERlz3GXoUgxsIoaLHK8oQ2A6SNFcHhZpS2tF3N6RaQ
|
|
https://mega.nz/file/IIlAHKST#PP8feOr6tHxdbD-Zoyj64G4TfG7HG_1s3VHasisP6h0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Prebuilt files
|
|
|
|
### boot partition
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_boot.tar.bz2
|
|
```
|
|
https://mega.nz/file/NEsV1SRQ#FexV7wJhiUQKLcfBol4bB5m8UsX1O5qWet8geONclY4
|
|
https://mega.nz/file/YJUjiKKb#nrxH6BDvyGjpNSyZEzbRqbHk9ed9RE7jcuOPbTdximM
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
*included files*
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
├── board.dtb
|
|
├── **boot**
|
|
│ └── uEnv.txt
|
|
├── config-5.4.61
|
|
├── **efi**
|
|
├── **extlinux**
|
|
│ ├── extlinux.conf
|
|
│ └── extlinux.conf.cpi.bak
|
|
├── **grub2**
|
|
│ └── **themes**
|
|
│ └── **system**
|
|
│ └── **background.png**
|
|
├── grub.cfg
|
|
├── System.map-5.4.61
|
|
├── **uEnv.txt** -\> boot/uEnv.txt
|
|
└── vmlinuz-5.4.61
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
#### ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_EFI.tar.bz2
|
|
|
|
https://mega.nz/file/kNUBRBIB#NsPzKTDWbfBSTth7-eVz9gPjeaEdYnP7PfuYGz28cOk
|
|
|
|
**extlinux.conf is the file actually do the boot configuration**
|
|
|
|
# How to compile kernel
|
|
|
|
## get kernel source
|
|
https://github.com/cuu/last_linux-5.4.git
|
|
|
|
it is a mirror kernel code from tina_d1_h of all winner with all patched for devterm R-01
|
|
## Official toolchain
|
|
https://github.com/cuu/toolchain-thead-glibc #It's official allwinner toolchain
|
|
download toolchain
|
|
|
|
## Steps for compiling kernel
|
|
|
|
extract and put toolchain in any folder you like
|
|
|
|
then edit **m.sh** in `last_linux-5.4`
|
|
|
|
set correct path of toolchain for PATH
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
export PATH=/data/tina_d1_h/prebuilt/gcc/linux-x86/riscv/toolchain-thead-glibc/riscv64-glibc-gcc-thead_20200702/bin/:$PATH
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
to be
|
|
```
|
|
export PATH=/wherever_you_put_toolchain/riscv64-glibc-gcc-thead_20200702/bin/:$PATH
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
then simply run ./m.sh to compile kernel
|
|
|
|
we just simple use the prebuit toolchain from all-winner to compile the patched kernel code based on all-winner tina for devterm_r01
|
|
|
|
and we have to ,because allwinner prebuilt toolchain has the neccessary custom opcode for the kernel of R-01
|
|
|
|
kernel patch url: https://github.com/clockworkpi/DevTerm/tree/main/Code/patch/d1
|
|
|
|
to get original tina code from allwinner ,visit https://open.allwinnertech.com/
|
|
|
|
## Mainline toolchain
|
|
https://github.com/riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain
|
|
all the same as Official toolchain except need to disable Vector in kernel `make menuconfig`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Make alpha os image
|
|
|
|
required file list:
|
|
* ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_EFI.tar.bz2
|
|
* ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_boot.tar.bz2
|
|
* ubuntu-21.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched_rootfs.tar.bz2
|
|
* boot0_sdcard_sun20iw1p1.bin
|
|
* u-boot.toc1
|
|
* disk.img with all partitions formatted
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo losetup --show -f -P disk.img ## assume we will have /dev/loop1
|
|
sudo dd if=boot0_sdcard_sun20iw1p1.bin of=/dev/loop1 bs=512 seek=16
|
|
sudo dd if=u-boot.toc1 of=/dev/loop1 bs=512 seek=32800
|
|
|
|
sudo mount /dev/loop1p2 /mnt/p2
|
|
sudo mount /dev/loop1p3 /mnt/p3
|
|
sudo mount /dev/loop1p4 /mnt/p4
|
|
sudo tar xpjfv ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_EFI.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/p2
|
|
sudo tar xpjfv ubuntu_2104_devterm_d1_boot.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/p3
|
|
sudo tar xpjfv ubuntu-21.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64+unmatched_rootfs.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/p4
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Chroot part
|
|
```
|
|
sudo mount /dev/loop1p3 /mnt/p4/boot
|
|
cd /mnt/p4
|
|
|
|
sudo mount --bind /dev dev/
|
|
sudo mount --bind /sys sys/
|
|
sudo mount --bind /proc proc/
|
|
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts dev/pts
|
|
sudo chroot .
|
|
```
|
|
### upgrade to devel
|
|
now we are in chroot
|
|
```
|
|
touch /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disabled
|
|
apt remove update-notifier-common
|
|
apt-get update && apt-get purge needrestart
|
|
```
|
|
then edit `/etc/apt/source.list`, replace all hirsute to devel
|
|
then
|
|
```
|
|
apt update
|
|
apt-get dist-upgrade
|
|
```
|
|
wait a long time until upgrade done(or retry if failed,it is neccessary for having a newer xorg/mesa in riscv to display)
|
|
|
|
after upgrade
|
|
```
|
|
apt update
|
|
apt install mesa-utils libgl1-mesa-glx libglx-mesa0 libgles2-mesa libegl-mesa0
|
|
apt install -y xterm cmus alsamixergui qutebrowser elinks vim emacs tilde bc gnuplot dosbox chocolate-doom gimp xfig xpdf xaos x11-apps gkrellm imagemagick inkscape
|
|
apt remove multipath-tools
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### add cpi user
|
|
```
|
|
useradd -m cpi
|
|
|
|
#add into groups
|
|
usermod -a -G adm,dialout,cdrom,floppy,sudo,audio,dip,video,plugdev,netdev,lxd,pulse,pulse-access cpi
|
|
```
|
|
### Deploy the TWM window manager env.
|
|
|
|
The R-01 uses twm as default window manager for low resource usage
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
wget https://github.com/clockworkpi/DevTerm/blob/main/Code/R01/d1_twm.tar.bz2?raw=true
|
|
|
|
tar xpjfv d1_twm.tar.bz2 -C /home/cpi
|
|
|
|
chown -R cpi:cpi /home/cpi
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### xorg fbdev config
|
|
rotate Xorg
|
|
```
|
|
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-d1.conf
|
|
Section "Device"
|
|
Identifier "FBDEV"
|
|
Driver "fbdev"
|
|
Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb0"
|
|
Option "Rotate" "cw"
|
|
Option "SwapbuffersWait" "true"
|
|
EndSection
|
|
|
|
Section "Screen"
|
|
Identifier "Screen0"
|
|
Device "FBDEV"
|
|
DefaultDepth 24
|
|
|
|
Subsection "Display"
|
|
Depth 24
|
|
Modes "1280x480" "480x1280"
|
|
EndSubsection
|
|
|
|
EndSection
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Optmise time of boot
|
|
```
|
|
sudo systemctl mask apt-daily.service apt-daily-upgrade.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.service apt-daily-upgrade.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer apt-daily-upgrade.timer
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager-wait-online.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable systemd-random-seed.service
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable e2scrub_reap.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable lvm2-monitor.service
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable snapd.seeded.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable pppd-dns.service
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable avahi-daemon.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable ModemManager.service
|
|
|
|
sudo systemctl disable apport.service
|
|
sudo systemctl mask apport.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable accounts-daemon.service
|
|
sudo systemctl mask accounts-daemon.service
|
|
sudo systemctl disable udisks2.service
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### faster login
|
|
```
|
|
All scripts in /etc/update-motd.d/ transferred to other place or just deleted them all
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Install devterm related package
|
|
```
|
|
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/clockworkpi/apt/main/debian/KEY.gpg | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/clockworkpi.asc
|
|
echo "deb https://raw.githubusercontent.com/clockworkpi/apt/main/debian/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/clockworkpi.list
|
|
|
|
apt update
|
|
|
|
apt install devterm-audio-patch devterm-backlight-cpi devterm-keyboard-firmware devterm-thermal-printer devterm-thermal-printer-cups devterm-wiringpi-cpi
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Get out chroot
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
exit
|
|
cd
|
|
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4/dev/pts
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4/dev/
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4/proc
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4/sys
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4/boot
|
|
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p3
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p2
|
|
sudo umount /mnt/p4
|
|
|
|
sudo losetup -D /dev/loop1
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Final part
|
|
|
|
now we have a chroot edited os image file disk.img in 16GB with ubuntu devel branch root fs
|
|
|
|
you can still use
|
|
```
|
|
sudo losetup --show -f -P disk.img
|
|
sudo gparted /dev/loop1
|
|
```
|
|
to shrink the disk size to be like 8G or less to fit your sd card
|
|
|
|
then dd it into sd card
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Compiling other stuff
|
|
|
|
## WiringPI
|
|
```
|
|
git clone https://github.com/clockworkpi/DevTerm.git
|
|
wget https://github.com/WiringPi/WiringPi/archive/refs/tags/final_official_2.50.tar.gz
|
|
tar zxvf final_official_2.50.tar.gz
|
|
cd WiringPi-final_official_2.50/
|
|
cp ../DevTerm/Code/patch/d1/wiringCP0329.patch .
|
|
git apply wiringCP0329.patch
|
|
sudo ./build
|
|
#Choice: 2
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# For apt upgrade
|
|
|
|
apt upgrade on R01 os will mess up the content of extlinux.conf
|
|
lead the boot failed
|
|
|
|
so mount the sd card(with R01 os) on a PC (like Linux )
|
|
|
|
then go into the **boot partition** of the sd card
|
|
|
|
you will see
|
|
```
|
|
extlinux.conf
|
|
extlinux.conf.cpi.bak
|
|
```
|
|
replace extlinux.conf with extlinux.conf.cpi.bak
|
|
|
|
the **extlinux.conf.cpi.bak** is for this kind of situation
|
|
|
|
# Hints
|
|
https://forum.clockworkpi.com/t/r01-os-early-hints/8636 |