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add external link icon
Signed-off-by: Michel-FK <michel.stempin@funkey-project.com>
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@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ output voltage.
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### Shunt Regulator
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The simplest voltage regulator is the [shunt regulator][1], built
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around a Zener diode which most interesting characteristic is to
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maintain a constant voltage across itself when the current through it
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is sufficient to take it into the Zener breakdown region. A simple
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shunt regulator looks like this:
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The simplest voltage regulator is the [shunt
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regulator:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][1], built around a
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Zener diode which most interesting characteristic is to maintain a
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constant voltage across itself when the current through it is
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sufficient to take it into the Zener breakdown region. A simple shunt
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regulator looks like this:
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@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ By adding a emitter-follower transistor to the simple shunt regulator,
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the small base current of the transistor forms a very light load on
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the Zener, thereby minimizing variation in Zener voltage due to
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variation in the load, resulting in a better regulation. Here is a
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schematic for this [series regulator][2]:
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schematic for this [series
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regulator:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][2]:
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@@ -120,14 +122,14 @@ following:
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The way this converter works is described in details
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[here][3]. Basically, when the switch is closed, the inductor will
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produce an opposing voltage across its terminals in response to the
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changing current, reducing the output voltage, and meanwhile the
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inductor stores this energy in the form of a magnetic field. When the
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switch is opened, the current will decrease and will produce a voltage
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drop across the inductor, and now the inductor becomes a current
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source, where the stored energy in the inductor's magnetic field is
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restored and fed to the load.
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[here:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][3]. Basically, when the
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switch is closed, the inductor will produce an opposing voltage across
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its terminals in response to the changing current, reducing the output
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voltage, and meanwhile the inductor stores this energy in the form of
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a magnetic field. When the switch is opened, the current will decrease
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and will produce a voltage drop across the inductor, and now the
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inductor becomes a current source, where the stored energy in the
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inductor's magnetic field is restored and fed to the load.
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!!! warning
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In this converter too, the output voltage is not isolated from the
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@@ -102,7 +102,8 @@ capacitors:
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One exception is the Allwinner V3s CPU HPR/HPL circuit which features
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an RC-to-ground circuit between the amplifier and the preamplifier
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input with the resistor **R27** and capacitors **C79** and **C81**, as
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recommended in the [V3s hardware design guide][5].
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recommended in the [V3s hardware design
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guide:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][5].
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The only other remarkable point left in this schematic is the resistor
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divider **R25**/**R28** which provides a reference voltage at half the
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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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A separate [Sylergy SY8088][1] Buck DC/DC SMPS chip is used to provide
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the DDR2 +1V8 DDR2 DRAM power.
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A separate [Sylergy SY8088:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][1]
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Buck DC/DC SMPS chip is used to provide the DDR2 +1V8 DDR2 DRAM power.
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This is because the AXP20x is originally the PMU (Power Management
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Unit) used by most Allwinner SoCs (A10, A13 and A20), which do not
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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ We thus have to design a separate SMPS (DC-DC) power supply for
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providing the +1.8V 1A required for the DDR2 DRAM power supply.
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For this purpose, we followed closely the [Allwinner Reference
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Design][2].
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Design:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][2].
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Here is the corresponding DRAM Power schematics:
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@@ -40,9 +40,6 @@ to its lowest possible value.
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[1]: https://github.com/FunKey-Project/FunKey-S-Hardware/blob/master/Datasheets/C79313_SY8088AAC_2017-03-29.PDF
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[2]: https://github.com/Squonk42/V3s_Documentation/blob/master/V3S_CDR_STD_V1_0_20150514.pdf
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[3]: https://datasheet.lcsc.com/szlcsc/Silergy-Corp-SY8088AAC_C79313.pdf
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[4]: https://datasheet.lcsc.com/szlcsc/1901241230_LOWPOWER-LP3220S-AB5F_C324565.pdf
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[5]: https://www.diodes.com/assets/Datasheets/AP3418.pdf
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--8<--
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includes/glossary.md
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@@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ requirements to:
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- SMPS for +1.8V / 1A for the DDR2 DRAM power supply
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- SMPS for +1.25V / 1.6 A for the core power supply
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On the [LicheePi Zero board][1] used in our **[FunKey Zero][2]**
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prototype, a triple SMPS [EA3036][3] is used for generating these
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+3.3V, +1.8V and +1.2V voltages, with an additional [XC6206][4] LDO
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for the +3.0V (the +3.3V Always On is connected directly to
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+3.3V). Although compact (the EA3036 is a tiny 3 mm x 3 mm QFN20
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package), this solution is not ideal as it does not provide a battery
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charger and monitoring capability, which is a requirement for the
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**FunKey S** device.
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On the [LicheePi Zero board:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][1]
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used in our **[FunKey Zero:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][2]**
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prototype, a triple SMPS
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[EA3036:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][3] is used for
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generating these +3.3V, +1.8V and +1.2V voltages, with an additional
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[XC6206:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][4] LDO for the +3.0V
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(the +3.3V Always On is connected directly to +3.3V). Although compact
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(the EA3036 is a tiny 3 mm x 3 mm QFN20 package), this solution is not
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ideal as it does not provide a battery charger and monitoring
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capability, which is a requirement for the **FunKey S** device.
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## PMICs
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@@ -22,7 +24,8 @@ As it is generally the case with such a complex SoC requiring multiple
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voltages, high current and proper voltage sequencing, all major
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manufacturers provide dedicated companion chips called PMICs (Power
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Management Integrated Circuits), in charge of these tasks. Allwinner
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is not an exception through its sister company [X-Powers][5].
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is not an exception through its sister company
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[X-Powers:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][5].
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Their AXP20x products are highly-integrated PMICs that are optimized
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for applications requiring single-cell Li-battery (Li-Ion/Polymer),
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@@ -71,7 +74,9 @@ The AXP20x features:
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output to GPIO0)
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Looking at their datasheets, it is difficult to tell the difference
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between the [AXP202][6], [AXP203][7] and [AXP209][8] (any hint
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between the [AXP202:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][6],
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[AXP203:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][7] and
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[AXP209:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][8] (any hint
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welcome!). In the **FunKey S** design, we use an AXP209 because it is
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the one that comes along with the V3s when you buy it on AliExpress.
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@@ -83,7 +88,8 @@ the manufacturer, as the internals of the chips are seldom fully
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disclosed, so you need to take their word on some of the external
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component values to use.
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The [Allwinner V3s Reference Design][9] contains on page 6 the
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The [Allwinner V3s Reference
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Design:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][9] contains on page 6 the
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schematics for using an AXP203 to supply the power to a V3s-based
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dashboard camera design. It follows closely the application diagram
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provided in the AXP20x datasheets:
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@@ -91,7 +97,7 @@ provided in the AXP20x datasheets:
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{.lightbox}
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More hints are provided in our self-translated [V3s Hardware Design
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Guide][10] (page 7) too.
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Guide:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][10] (page 7) too.
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## PMIC Schematics
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@@ -167,10 +173,11 @@ operation:
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### DC-DC1 PWM Battery Charger (North East side)
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The battery is connected to J5 (a [2-pin JST 1.0 mm pitch
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receptacle][11]) and uses **R21** as a precision current sense
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resistor, with **C53**/**C56**/**C60** filter capacitors and **L5** (a
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low-profile ferrite-core power inductor rated with a saturation
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current of 1.2A and low < 0.1 Ω resistance).
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receptacle:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][11]) and uses **R21**
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as a precision current sense resistor, with **C53**/**C56**/**C60**
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filter capacitors and **L5** (a low-profile ferrite-core power
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inductor rated with a saturation current of 1.2A and low < 0.1 Ω
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resistance).
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!!! Warning
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The battery is not protected on the board against reversing
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@@ -181,10 +188,11 @@ current of 1.2A and low < 0.1 Ω resistance).
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temperature, as the chosen LiPo battery does not feature this
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temperature sensor.
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A user-programmable (through the I2C interface) charge [LED][12]
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**D30** is provided, with its current-limiting resistor **R26**, as
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well as a TVS diode **d31** to prevent ESD, as the LED body will be
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indirectly accessible to user.
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A user-programmable (through the I2C interface) charge
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[LED:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][12] **D30** is provided,
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with its current-limiting resistor **R26**, as well as a TVS diode
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**d31** to prevent ESD, as the LED body will be indirectly accessible
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to user.
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### DC-DC2 +1.25V / 1.6A (West side)
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Looking back at the section on the [CPU schematics][1], the **FunKey
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S** device clearly needs a sophisticated power supply in order to
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fulfill the CPU power requirements. They are recalled below, along
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with the maximum current requirements found in the [Allwinner V3s
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reference design][2] (page 3):
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reference design:fontawesome-solid-external-link-alt:][2] (page 3):
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- +3.3V / 1.2A for the I/O power supply
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- +3.3V_AO / 30 mA for the Always-On power supply (RTC timer)
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